L4: How Nouns and Adjectives End in Georgian: Nominative Case

Today's lesson is about nouns and adjectives. This lesson is for beginners and includes necessary things which every beginner of Georgian should know. Nouns and adjectives are something people learn and see everyday. I already told you the type of nouns and next lesson will discuss adjective types and adjective-y things, so now let's start the endings and what happens during inflection of a noun/adjective. All Georgian nouns and adjectives end in a vowel, this is because of the nominative case. The nominative case in modern Georgian has 2 endings: null and -ი: 1) Null corresponds to nouns and adjectives ending in any vowel, null ending basically shows the root of the noun: ა, ე, ი, ო, უ. With ი-null including some foreign nouns, names and surnames (generally Italian) who have -ი INTACT from the place we borrowed it from. Examples of these are:

დედა, სარკე, ჩაი (from Chinese ჩაე), ოქრო, ბუ, გიორგი (Name), მუსოლინი (Mussolini), პატარა...

Basically when adding endings, unless the last vowel gets deleted for some words which you have to remember, these vowels will keep their shape through most endings. 2) -ი ending corresponds to nouns and adjectives, of course, ending in ი. This vowel is what covers the last consonant of the root. When declining and inflecting these kinds of words, the nominative ending of course disappears: წითელ-ი, კაც-ი, დიდ-ი... These endings are necessary to know to decline nouns and adjectives through cases.

That's it for this lesson. I know it was pretty short, but it is basically a passageway leading to other bigger and better lessons: Cases, Postpositions, Particles. Basically this is just the beginning. Thank you for reading today's chapterito and see you next week.